3.9 CULVERTS ON A HIGH-SPEED SECTION OF A RAILWAY LINE

Abstract

This article shows the hydraulic calculation of culverts, which are the most common type of artificial structures in roads and railways. For the passage of water at the intersections of watercourses with the roadbed, culverts are arranged, which, depending on the topographic, hydrological, geological and other conditions, can be of various types.

Introductions. The role of Railways in the development of the country's economy, the increase in export potential and the supply of goods to consumers is of great importance. It is not surprising that the railways are called the blood vessels of the country's economy. Therefore, great importance is attached to the development of railway networks and the maintenance of Railways in operation and the maintenance of cargo capacity at the required level [1.2.3.4]. Pipes under the embankment on the railways and make up half of all artificial structures, and these are the most common artificial structures. The scope of application of the pipes is mainly due to the fact that small running water flows from time to time, that is, when it rains and snow melts, ensure that the dressing waters pass without damaging the railway network [5.6.7.8.9].

The main regulatory documents in the design of culverts are building codes and regulations. Culverts are designed to pass the maximum estimated costs of a certain probability of exceeding. The probability of exceeding is determined depending on the type of road (railway, automobile), the type of structure (bridge, pipe), the category of road (I, II...V). As a result of hydraulic calculations, the following parameters should be established that determine the main dimensions of the structures [10.11.12.13].:

1. a) the greatest depth in front of the structure, which determines the height of the road embankment;
2. b) the depth of water at the entrance and in the structure, which determines the mode of flow and filling of the water pipe;
3. c) the depth of the water and the speed at the exit of the structure, according to which the size and type of fortifications at the exit are assigned;
4. d) the depth of erosion at the end of the fortifications, the size of which is assigned to the dimensions of the structures of the water-breaking elements. The required hydraulic and structural conditions can be met by different versions of culverts that differ in cost. The optimal construction option should be established by a technical and economic comparison of the options[14.15].