1.1 HEGEL'S VIEWS ON SOCIAL RELATIONS

Abstract

Аnnotation

  In the article, nature, things and events in it, the laws of their development, and society, the essence of events and their laws of development are completely different from each other, because the creation, development and future fate of society, its laws of development, and the future fate of all humanity, or rather, its activity dependence was analyzed.

Key words: development, progress, legality, state, society, change.

  The perfection and effective functioning of the management system, which plays an important role in regulating social relations, depends on both the managers and the managed. But experience shows that relations between them were not always smooth. In a way, this is natural. Because managers and managed are built on the principle of dialectics with certain aspects. That is, they are opposite to each other, and at the same time, one cannot exist without the other. Sometimes one side, sometimes the other side takes the “initiative” of a conflict between them. On the one hand, these are immoral vices such as injustice, arrogance, arrogance, selfishness, arrogance committed by leaders, on the other hand, bad habits such as irresponsibility, ingratitude, indiscipline, misunderstanding and failure to fulfill their duties committed by leaders. community, on the other hand, are the reasons for taking such “initiative”. By the way, if we think about responsibilities. In this regard, we considered it permissible to quote the following remarks by Hegel, who founded the doctrine of dialectical laws and categories and conducted significant research in other areas of philosophy:

“A person’s duties are divided into four:

1) to their duties;

2) those who are in front of the family;

3) before the state;

4) to those who are in front of other people.

Duty is important in regulating the relationship between the state and citizens, not only between rulers and subjects, but also in society as a whole. In legal terms, duty is the fulfillment of the duties of citizens established by the state and society. True, the state, along with imposing responsibilities on its citizens, also endowed them with certain rights and freedoms. The sustainable and effective functioning of the system of public relations largely depends on the equal observance by citizens of their duties, rights and freedoms. But there is an unpleasant situation that is often observed. Citizens know their rights and freedoms very well, even more than usual. At the same time, they freeze the demand for their rights and freedoms. Unfortunately, we do not always observe such an attitude of citizens towards their responsibilities. Usually some citizens do not know or do not want to know their responsibilities. And when they find out their purpose, they look at it with their own eyes and worry about its fulfillment. However, citizens should not forget one thing: fulfilling the duties established in society is mandatory. In particular, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, “All citizens fulfill the duties provided for by the Constitution.” If citizens do not fulfill their obligations voluntarily, the state forces them to do so. The state has sufficient means of coercion and structures for the use of force. But this is an unpleasant situation, harmful to the nature of civil society. Because one of the important principles of civil society is determined by the fact that citizens fully understand the meaning of their duties, rights and freedoms established in society, and most importantly, they consciously follow them.

There is something - a phenomenon in the world that is doomed to change. Only some of these changes happen in very short moments before our eyes, while other changes take days, months and years to manifest themselves. For some changes, a human life may not be enough. Examples include the movement of underground plates, the formation of mountains and volcanoes. Many philosophers who have left their mark on the history of philosophy have views on this topic. In particular, Hegel, who brought the science of philosophy to a completely new level, “understanding progress on the basis of dialectics shows that the phenomena of nature and society are diverse and its transition from one state to another, as well as the correct way to know the laws of development of nature and society.” In this place, the phenomena of nature and society and the laws of development of nature and society are combined and expressed as a single whole. The goal is clear - to explain the essence of things and events in a general, holistic form. However, we must not forget one thing: nature, things and phenomena in it, the laws of their development and society, events in it and the essence of the laws of their development are completely different from each other. You and I have read a lot about these differences in philosophy and other scientific and artistic books. Let's dwell on them the same way. We know that nature is said to have come into existence before man, independent of human consciousness and thought. We agree with this one hundred percent. Then they say again that nature develops according to its own laws that cannot be changed. 100 years ago one could agree with this opinion 100 percent, but now objectionable aspects have appeared. Even now we cannot influence some laws of nature. For example, rotation around the sun and rotation around its axis and hokozo.  However, with the growth of human intelligence and the development of science and technology, sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously, he began to influence nature and the laws of its development. Unfortunately, in many cases this effect is negative. For example, heat and toxic gases emitted by internal combustion engines, heating furnaces, factories and other industrial facilities rise into the atmosphere and cause global climate change on earth. As a result, disproportionate and incomprehensible situations arise in the laws of the change of seasons. These include low snowfall, warm days during a cold winter, and warmer than normal days. I mean that it was not man who created the laws of nature, its development, but man, through his activities, influences some of the laws of nature. However, this effect is mostly negative.

The emergence, development and further fate of society, the patterns of its development depend on all of humanity, or rather, on its activities. Hegel has a saying: “Man is so multifaceted that anything can be made of him...”. Since society is made up of people, we will try to apply this idea to the concept of society. Then the following reasoning arises: society is such a comprehensive, multifaceted thing that it can be developed in various ways and forms. In fact, that's how it was. If we look through history books, we will be convinced of this. Until today, how many countries have lived, that is, how many societies have existed. Even now there are more than 230 countries and as many different societies in the world. Whether societies of the past or societies of the present, neither is like the other. Everything is different. This is also proof of our conclusion stated above.

It should be noted about society that the conditions of its existence and the laws of development are constantly developing and changing. No matter how favorable the conditions in any flourishing society, no matter how developed its development paths and laws of development, all this is of relative importance. These areas require constant updating and improvement. Otherwise, they will become inconvenient and outdated over time.

It is known that in every period, in every region, every nation and people adapts its society to itself and builds it the way it wants. In this process there was a strong influence of national leaders, political figures, religious figures and representatives of science. In a modern democratic civil society, all citizens are involved in this process. Because it has already been proven that society will be effective if it is built based on the interests of all citizens living here, and not based on specific categories. However, the process of reaching this correct conclusion was not easy. For centuries, societies have lived according to completely wrong principles. Even such mature thinkers of the time as Hegel sometimes advocated such unnecessary ideas. In particular, Hegel “defends the class system of society and expresses his disagreement with the presence of representatives of the people in government. He defends the special role of the nobility in society and even justifies the privilege of the nobility in governing the state. We must acknowledge and note that Hegel's contribution to the development of philosophical science is enormous. His development of philosophical laws and categories served to raise the level of philosophical thinking. Also, Hegel’s scientific works on the history of philosophy and other areas of philosophy contributed a fair share to the development of science. Nobody wants to deny it. However, we cannot agree with some of Hegel’s views on state and society. In particular, one cannot agree with conclusions that promote grand statism, nationalism and racism. Because such ideas ultimately lead to conflicts between nations and peoples, disagreements between states.

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